tilt shift photography..

'Tilt-shift photography refers to the use of camera movements on small- and medium-format cameras, and sometimes specifically refers to the use of tilt for selective focus, often for simulating a miniature scene. Sometimes the term is used when the shallow depth of field is simulated with digital post-processing, the name may derive from the tilt-shift lens normally required when the effect is produced optically.' *
when i was researching tilt shift photography i came across the photographs below and they really stood out strongly as some of my favorites. 
'Movements have been available on view cameras since the early days of photography; they have been available on smaller-format cameras since the early 1960s, usually by means of special lenses or adapters. Nikon introduced a lens providing shift movements for their 35 mm SLR cameras in 1962, and Canon introduced a lens that provided both tilt and shift movements in 1973; many other manufacturers soon followed suit' *





*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilt-shift_photography